Smalltalk current createPackage: 'Kernel-Objects'! nil subclass: #Object instanceVariableNames: '' package: 'Kernel-Objects'! !Object commentStamp! **I am the root of the Smalltalk class system**. All classes in the system are subclasses of me. I provide default behavior common to all normal objects, such as: - accessing - copying - comparison - error handling - message sending - reflection Also utility messages that all objects should respond to are defined here. I have no instance variable. ##Access Instance variables can be accessed with `#instVarAt:` and `#instVarAt:put:`. `#instanceVariableNames` answers a collection of all instance variable names. Accessing JavaScript properties of an object is done through `#basicAt:`, `#basicAt:put:` and `basicDelete:`. ##Copying Copying an object is handled by `#copy` and `#deepCopy`. The first one performs a shallow copy of the receiver, while the second one performs a deep copy. The hook method `#postCopy` can be overriden in subclasses to copy fields as necessary to complete the full copy. It will be sent by the copy of the receiver. ##Comparison I understand equality `#=` and identity `#==` comparison. ##Error handling - `#halt` is the typical message to use for inserting breakpoints during debugging. - `#error:` throws a generic error exception - `#doesNotUnderstand:` handles the fact that there was an attempt to send the given message to the receiver but the receiver does not understand this message. Overriding this message can be useful to implement proxies for example.! !Object methodsFor: 'accessing'! basicAt: aString ! basicAt: aString put: anObject ! basicDelete: aString ! class ! identityHash < var hash=self.identityHash; if (hash) return hash; hash=smalltalk.nextId(); Object.defineProperty(self, 'identityHash', {value:hash}); return hash; > ! instVarAt: aString < return self['@'+aString] > ! instVarAt: aString put: anObject < self['@' + aString] = anObject > ! size self error: 'Object not indexable' ! value ! yourself ^ self ! ! !Object methodsFor: 'comparing'! = anObject ^ self == anObject ! == anObject ^ self identityHash = anObject identityHash ! ~= anObject ^ (self = anObject) = false ! ~~ anObject ^ (self == anObject) = false ! ! !Object methodsFor: 'converting'! -> anObject ^ Association key: self value: anObject ! asJSON | variables | variables := HashedCollection new. self class allInstanceVariableNames do: [ :each | variables at: each put: (self instVarAt: each) asJSON ]. ^ variables ! asJSONString ^ JSON stringify: self asJSON ! asJavascript ^ self asString ! asString ^ self printString ! test | a | a := 1. self halt ! ! !Object methodsFor: 'copying'! copy ^ self shallowCopy postCopy ! deepCopy < var copy = self.klass._new(); for(var i in self) { if(/^@.+/.test(i)) { copy[i] = self[i]._deepCopy(); } } return copy; > ! postCopy ! shallowCopy < var copy = self.klass._new(); for(var i in self) { if(/^@.+/.test(i)) { copy[i] = self[i]; } } return copy; > ! ! !Object methodsFor: 'error handling'! deprecatedAPI "Just a simple way to deprecate methods. #deprecatedAPI is in the 'error handling' protocol even if it doesn't throw an error, but it could in the future." console warn: thisContext home asString, ' is deprecated!! (in ', thisContext home home asString, ')' ! doesNotUnderstand: aMessage MessageNotUnderstood new receiver: self; message: aMessage; signal ! error: aString Error signal: aString ! halt self error: 'Halt encountered' ! shouldNotImplement self error: 'This method should not be implemented in ', self class name ! subclassResponsibility self error: 'This method is a responsibility of a subclass' ! throw: anObject < throw anObject > ! try: aBlock catch: anotherBlock ! ! !Object methodsFor: 'initialization'! initialize ! ! !Object methodsFor: 'inspecting'! inspect InspectorHandler inspect: self ! inspectOn: anInspector | variables | variables := Dictionary new. variables at: '#self' put: self. self class allInstanceVariableNames do: [ :each | variables at: each put: (self instVarAt: each) ]. anInspector setLabel: self printString; setVariables: variables ! ! !Object methodsFor: 'message handling'! basicPerform: aString ^ self basicPerform: aString withArguments: #() ! basicPerform: aString withArguments: aCollection ! perform: aString ^ self perform: aString withArguments: #() ! perform: aString withArguments: aCollection ! ! !Object methodsFor: 'printing'! printOn: aStream "Append to the aStream, a string representing the receiver." aStream nextPutAll: (self class name first isVowel ifTrue: [ 'an ' ] ifFalse: [ 'a ' ]). aStream nextPutAll: self class name ! printString "Answer a String representation of the receiver." ^ String streamContents: [ :stream | self printOn: stream ] ! ! !Object methodsFor: 'streaming'! putOn: aStream aStream nextPut: self ! ! !Object methodsFor: 'testing'! ifNil: aBlock "inlined in the Compiler" ^ self ! ifNil: aBlock ifNotNil: anotherBlock "inlined in the Compiler" ^ anotherBlock value: self ! ifNotNil: aBlock "inlined in the Compiler" ^ aBlock value: self ! ifNotNil: aBlock ifNil: anotherBlock "inlined in the Compiler" ^ aBlock value: self ! isBehavior ^ false ! isBoolean ^ false ! isClass ^ false ! isCompiledMethod ^ false ! isImmutable ^ false ! isKindOf: aClass ^ (self isMemberOf: aClass) ifTrue: [ true ] ifFalse: [ self class inheritsFrom: aClass ] ! isMemberOf: aClass ^ self class = aClass ! isMetaclass ^ false ! isNil ^ false ! isNumber ^ false ! isPackage ^ false ! isParseFailure ^ false ! isString ^ false ! isSymbol ^ false ! notNil ^ self isNil not ! respondsTo: aSelector ^ self class canUnderstand: aSelector ! ! !Object class methodsFor: 'helios'! heliosClass "Should be an Helios extension. Unfortunately, since helios can browse remote environments, we can't extend base classes" ^ 'class' ! ! !Object class methodsFor: 'initialization'! initialize "no op" ! ! Object subclass: #Boolean instanceVariableNames: '' package: 'Kernel-Objects'! !Boolean commentStamp! I define the protocol for logic testing operations and conditional control structures for the logical values (see the `controlling` protocol). I have two instances, `true` and `false`. I am directly mapped to JavaScript Boolean. The `true` and `false` objects are the JavaScript boolean objects. ## Usage Example: aBoolean not ifTrue: [ ... ] ifFalse: [ ... ]! !Boolean methodsFor: 'comparing'! = aBoolean < if(!! aBoolean._isBoolean || !! aBoolean._isBoolean()) { return false; } return Boolean(self == true) == aBoolean > ! == aBoolean ^ self = aBoolean ! ! !Boolean methodsFor: 'controlling'! & aBoolean < if(self == true) { return aBoolean; } else { return false; } > ! and: aBlock ^ self = true ifTrue: aBlock ifFalse: [ false ] ! ifFalse: aBlock "inlined in the Compiler" ^ self ifTrue: [] ifFalse: aBlock ! ifFalse: aBlock ifTrue: anotherBlock "inlined in the Compiler" ^ self ifTrue: anotherBlock ifFalse: aBlock ! ifTrue: aBlock "inlined in the Compiler" ^ self ifTrue: aBlock ifFalse: [] ! ifTrue: aBlock ifFalse: anotherBlock "inlined in the Compiler" < if(self == true) { return aBlock._value(); } else { return anotherBlock._value(); } > ! not ^ self = false ! or: aBlock ^ self = true ifTrue: [ true ] ifFalse: aBlock ! | aBoolean < if(self == true) { return true; } else { return aBoolean; } > ! ! !Boolean methodsFor: 'converting'! asBit ^ self ifTrue: [ 1 ] ifFalse: [ 0 ] ! asJSON ^ self ! asString < return self.toString() > ! ! !Boolean methodsFor: 'copying'! deepCopy ^ self ! shallowCopy ^ self ! ! !Boolean methodsFor: 'printing'! printOn: aStream aStream nextPutAll: self asString ! ! !Boolean methodsFor: 'testing'! isBoolean ^ true ! isImmutable ^ true ! ! Object subclass: #Date instanceVariableNames: '' package: 'Kernel-Objects'! !Date commentStamp! I am used to work with both dates and times. Therefore `Date today` and `Date now` are both valid in Amber and answer the same date object. Date directly maps to the `Date()` JavaScript constructor, and Amber date objects are JavaScript date objects. ## API The class-side `instance creation` protocol contains some convenience methods for creating date/time objects such as `#fromSeconds:`. Arithmetic and comparison is supported (see the `comparing` and `arithmetic` protocols). The `converting` protocol provides convenience methods for various convertions (to numbers, strings, etc.).! !Date methodsFor: 'accessing'! day ^ self dayOfWeek ! day: aNumber self dayOfWeek: aNumber ! dayOfMonth ! dayOfMonth: aNumber ! dayOfWeek ! dayOfWeek: aNumber ! hours ! hours: aNumber ! milliseconds ! milliseconds: aNumber ! minutes ! minutes: aNumber ! month ! month: aNumber ! seconds ! seconds: aNumber ! time ! time: aNumber ! year ! year: aNumber ! ! !Date methodsFor: 'arithmetic'! + aDate ! - aDate ! ! !Date methodsFor: 'comparing'! < aDate ! <= aDate ! > aDate > aDate> ! >= aDate >= aDate> ! ! !Date methodsFor: 'converting'! asDateString ! asLocaleString ! asMilliseconds ^ self time ! asNumber ^ self asMilliseconds ! asString ! asTimeString ! ! !Date methodsFor: 'printing'! printOn: aStream aStream nextPutAll: self asString ! ! !Date class methodsFor: 'helios'! heliosClass ^ 'magnitude' ! ! !Date class methodsFor: 'instance creation'! fromMilliseconds: aNumber ^ self new: aNumber ! fromSeconds: aNumber ^ self fromMilliseconds: aNumber * 1000 ! fromString: aString "Example: Date fromString('2011/04/15 00:00:00')" ^ self new: aString ! millisecondsToRun: aBlock | t | t := Date now. aBlock value. ^ Date now - t ! new: anObject ! now ^ self today ! today ^ self new ! ! Object subclass: #Number instanceVariableNames: '' package: 'Kernel-Objects'! !Number commentStamp! I am the Amber representation for all numbers. I am directly mapped to JavaScript Number. ## API I provide all necessary methods for arithmetic operations, comparison, conversion and so on with numbers. My instances can also be used to evaluate a block a fixed number of times: 5 timesRepeat: [ Transcript show: 'This will be printed 5 times'; cr ]. 1 to: 5 do: [ :aNumber| Transcript show: aNumber asString; cr ]. 1 to: 10 by: 2 do: [ :aNumber| Transcript show: aNumber asString; cr ].! !Number methodsFor: 'accessing'! identityHash ^ self asString, 'n' ! ! !Number methodsFor: 'arithmetic'! * aNumber "Inlined in the Compiler" ! + aNumber "Inlined in the Compiler" ! - aNumber "Inlined in the Compiler" ! / aNumber "Inlined in the Compiler" ! // aNumber ^ (self / aNumber) floor ! \\ aNumber ! abs ! max: aNumber ! min: aNumber ! negated ^ 0 - self ! ! !Number methodsFor: 'comparing'! < aNumber "Inlined in the Compiler" ! <= aNumber "Inlined in the Compiler" ! = aNumber < if(!! aNumber._isNumber || !! aNumber._isNumber()) { return false; } return Number(self) == aNumber > ! > aNumber "Inlined in the Compiler" > aNumber> ! >= aNumber "Inlined in the Compiler" >= aNumber> ! ! !Number methodsFor: 'converting'! & aNumber ! @ aNumber ^ Point x: self y: aNumber ! asJSON ^ self ! asJavascript ^ '(', self printString, ')' ! asNumber ^ self ! asPoint ^ Point x: self y: self ! asString < return String(self) > ! atRandom ^ (Random new next * self) truncated + 1 ! ceiling ! floor ! rounded ! to: aNumber | array first last count | first := self truncated. last := aNumber truncated + 1. count := 1. array := Array new. (last - first) timesRepeat: [ array at: count put: first. count := count + 1. first := first + 1 ]. ^ array ! to: stop by: step | array value pos | value := self. array := Array new. pos := 1. step = 0 ifTrue: [ self error: 'step must be non-zero' ]. step < 0 ifTrue: [ [ value >= stop ] whileTrue: [ array at: pos put: value. pos := pos + 1. value := value + step ]] ifFalse: [ [ value <= stop ] whileTrue: [ array at: pos put: value. pos := pos + 1. value := value + step ]]. ^ array ! truncated < if(self >>= 0) { return Math.floor(self); } else { return Math.floor(self * (-1)) * (-1); }; > ! | aNumber ! ! !Number methodsFor: 'copying'! copy ^ self ! deepCopy ^ self copy ! ! !Number methodsFor: 'enumerating'! timesRepeat: aBlock | count | count := 1. [ count > self ] whileFalse: [ aBlock value. count := count + 1 ] ! to: stop by: step do: aBlock | value | value := self. step = 0 ifTrue: [ self error: 'step must be non-zero' ]. step < 0 ifTrue: [ [ value >= stop ] whileTrue: [ aBlock value: value. value := value + step ]] ifFalse: [ [ value <= stop ] whileTrue: [ aBlock value: value. value := value + step ]] ! to: stop do: aBlock "Evaluate aBlock for each number from self to aNumber." | nextValue | nextValue := self. [ nextValue <= stop ] whileTrue: [ aBlock value: nextValue. nextValue := nextValue + 1 ] ! ! !Number methodsFor: 'mathematical functions'! ** exponent ^ self raisedTo: exponent ! arcCos ! arcSin ! arcTan ! cos ! ln ! log ! log: aNumber ! raisedTo: exponent ! sign self isZero ifTrue: [ ^ 0 ]. self positive ifTrue: [ ^ 1 ] ifFalse: [ ^ -1 ]. ! sin ! sqrt ! squared ^ self * self ! tan ! ! !Number methodsFor: 'printing'! printOn: aStream aStream nextPutAll: self asString ! printShowingDecimalPlaces: placesDesired ! ! !Number methodsFor: 'testing'! even ^ 0 = (self \\ 2) ! isImmutable ^ true ! isNumber ^ true ! isZero ^ self = 0 ! negative "Answer whether the receiver is mathematically negative." ^ self < 0 ! odd ^ self even not ! positive "Answer whether the receiver is positive or equal to 0. (ST-80 protocol)." ^ self >= 0 ! ! !Number class methodsFor: 'helios'! heliosClass ^ 'magnitude' ! ! !Number class methodsFor: 'instance creation'! e ! pi ! ! Object subclass: #Point instanceVariableNames: 'x y' package: 'Kernel-Objects'! !Point commentStamp! I represent an x-y pair of numbers usually designating a geometric coordinate. ## API Instances are traditionally created using the binary `#@` message to a number: 100@120 Points can then be arithmetically manipulated: 100@100 + (10@10) ...or for example: (100@100) * 2 **NOTE:** Creating a point with a negative y-value will need a space after `@` in order to avoid a parsing error: 100@ -100 "but 100@-100 would not parse"! !Point methodsFor: 'accessing'! x ^ x ! x: aNumber x := aNumber ! y ^ y ! y: aNumber y := aNumber ! ! !Point methodsFor: 'arithmetic'! * aPoint ^ Point x: self x * aPoint asPoint x y: self y * aPoint asPoint y ! + aPoint ^ Point x: self x + aPoint asPoint x y: self y + aPoint asPoint y ! - aPoint ^ Point x: self x - aPoint asPoint x y: self y - aPoint asPoint y ! / aPoint ^ Point x: self x / aPoint asPoint x y: self y / aPoint asPoint y ! = aPoint ^ aPoint class = self class and: [ (aPoint x = self x) & (aPoint y = self y) ] ! ! !Point methodsFor: 'converting'! asPoint ^ self ! ! !Point methodsFor: 'printing'! printOn: aStream "Print receiver in classic x@y notation." x printOn: aStream. aStream nextPutAll: '@'. (y notNil and: [ y negative ]) ifTrue: [ "Avoid ambiguous @- construct" aStream space ]. y printOn: aStream ! ! !Point methodsFor: 'transforming'! translateBy: delta "Answer a Point translated by delta (an instance of Point)." ^ (delta x + x) @ (delta y + y) ! ! !Point class methodsFor: 'helios'! heliosClass ^ 'magnitude' ! ! !Point class methodsFor: 'instance creation'! x: aNumber y: anotherNumber ^ self new x: aNumber; y: anotherNumber; yourself ! ! Object subclass: #Random instanceVariableNames: '' package: 'Kernel-Objects'! !Random commentStamp! I an used to generate a random number and I am implemented as a trivial wrapper around javascript `Math.random()`. ## API The typical use case it to use the `#next` method like the following: Random new next This will return a float x where x < 1 and x > 0. If you want a random integer from 1 to 10 you can use `#atRandom` 10 atRandom A random number in a specific interval can be obtained with the following: (3 to: 7) atRandom Be aware that `#to:` does not create an Interval as in other Smalltalk implementations but in fact an `Array` of numbers, so it's better to use: 5 atRandom + 2 Since `#atRandom` is implemented in `SequencableCollection` you can easy pick an element at random: #('a' 'b' 'c') atRandom As well as letter from a `String`: 'abc' atRandom Since Amber does not have Characters this will return a `String` of length 1 like for example `'b'`.! !Random methodsFor: 'accessing'! next ! next: anInteger ^ (1 to: anInteger) collect: [ :each | self next ] ! ! Object subclass: #UndefinedObject instanceVariableNames: '' package: 'Kernel-Objects'! !UndefinedObject commentStamp! I describe the behavior of my sole instance, `nil`. `nil` represents a prior value for variables that have not been initialized, or for results which are meaningless. `nil` is the Smalltalk equivalent of the `undefined` JavaScript object. __note:__ When sending messages to the `undefined` JavaScript object, it will be replaced by `nil`.! !UndefinedObject methodsFor: 'class creation'! subclass: aString instanceVariableNames: anotherString ^ self subclass: aString instanceVariableNames: anotherString package: nil ! subclass: aString instanceVariableNames: aString2 category: aString3 "Kept for compatibility." self deprecatedAPI. ^ self subclass: aString instanceVariableNames: aString2 package: aString3 ! subclass: aString instanceVariableNames: aString2 package: aString3 ^ ClassBuilder new superclass: self subclass: aString asString instanceVariableNames: aString2 package: aString3 ! ! !UndefinedObject methodsFor: 'converting'! asJSON ^ null ! ! !UndefinedObject methodsFor: 'copying'! deepCopy ^ self ! shallowCopy ^ self ! ! !UndefinedObject methodsFor: 'printing'! printOn: aStream aStream nextPutAll: 'nil' ! ! !UndefinedObject methodsFor: 'testing'! ifNil: aBlock "inlined in the Compiler" ^ self ifNil: aBlock ifNotNil: [] ! ifNil: aBlock ifNotNil: anotherBlock "inlined in the Compiler" ^ aBlock value ! ifNotNil: aBlock "inlined in the Compiler" ^ self ! ifNotNil: aBlock ifNil: anotherBlock "inlined in the Compiler" ^ anotherBlock value ! isImmutable ^ true ! isNil ^ true ! notNil ^ false ! ! !UndefinedObject class methodsFor: 'instance creation'! new self error: 'You cannot create new instances of UndefinedObject. Use nil' ! !